Anatomical knowledge for the ablation of left and right atrial flutter
Abstract
The different forms of atrial flutter (AFL) and atrial macroreentrant tachycardias are strongly related to the atrial anatomy in structurally normal atria, and even more so in patients with dilated chambers or with previous interventions. Atrial anatomy, macro- and microscopic tissue disposition including myocardial fibers, conduction system and connective tissue is complex. This review summarizes knowledge of atrial anatomy for the interventional electrophysiologist to better understand the pathophysiology of and ablation options for these complex arrhythmias, as well as to perform catheter ablation procedures safely and effectively.
Keywords: Atrial macroreentrant tachycardia; Cavotricuspid isthmus; Mitral isthmus; Terminal crest; Triangle of Koch.
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.
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